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| Tower of London The first Tower of the fortress, the White Tower, was built in 1078 by William the Conqueror. The fortress was built up further during the 12th-14th centuries, with successive towers and walls being added. The picture at the top left shows Devereux Tower on the left, the Waterloo Barracks in the middle, the distant White Tower towards the right, and the Royal Chapel of St. Peter ad Vincula on the right. The top right picture shows St. Thomas's Tower on the left, the fat round Wakefield Tower in the middle, and the White Tower on the right. The bottom left picture is a cannon on display in front of the White Tower inside, and the bottom left is a guard in front of the Waterloo Barracks, which is now a museum attached to the Oriental Gallery, where the Crown Jewels are on display. Clockwise from top left, ©2000, ©1990, ©2000, ©2000, Jeffrey L. Cooper |
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Gatehouse at Battle |
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Bamburgh Castle On a site occupied since the 1st century, B.C., Bamburgh Castle was built somewhere around the 12th century and lovingly restored in the 19th century to it's full splendor. It is one of the best preserved castles in England, near the Scottish border in Northumberland. All images ©1990, Jeffrey L. Cooper |
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York This is one of the gates in the wall that still encircles York. There are about 2.5 miles of wall and four gates to explore. You can still walk along the top of the wall. ©1990, Jeffrey L. Cooper |